kin

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meaning

(partykuła) [po frazie lub na początku zdania] także, również, dodatkowo

see also

a

semantic space · lipamanka

kin is in almost all usage close to "also." kin is almost always used as a modifier. Instead of modifying the semantic space of the word it follows, it clarifies the relationship between that word and other ideas that could occupy the same position in the sentence. So if it modifies a subject, it means there are other things that do the same action. If it modifies a verb, it means there are other actions done by the same thing. If it modifies an object, it means that there are other things the action is done to.

Many people also use "kin" at the end (or, less commonly, the beginning) to modify the whole thing, similar to the English word "also." kin generally lacks a noun or transitive meaning for most speakers. If it is used in these positions, it may be similar to "alsoness" and "to make something also."

pu verbatim

  • PARTICLE (emphasis, emotion or confirmation)

ku translations

also79 too73 especially25 indeed25

usage

common · 83% usage

found in ku suli

coined pre-pu · 2001

origin

Finnish · -kin ‘too, also, still’

coined by jan Sonja

listen

kala Asi

jan Lakuse

commentary

W powszechnym użyciu (zarówno przed, jak i po pu) „a” i „kin” są odrębne i mają swoje własne znaczenia. W pu uważane są one za synonimy.

W 2002 r. podległo istotnym zmianom w użyciu, razem z „en” i (obecnie przestarzałym) „kan”.

sitelen pona

kin

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kin sitelen sitelen

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sitelen Emosi

ucsur

U+F1979